What is IP Address?
- IP stands for the Internet Protocol.
- It is a numerical address assigned to each and every device in the computer network.
- It is used for communication between the computers in network.
- It is also used for identification of computer in the network.
IP Address contains two versions:
IPV4:
- It is a 32 bit address.
- It contains 4 Octet Decimals.
- Ranges from 0 to 255
Classes of IPV4:
Class A:
- Ranges from the 0 to 127(0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255).
- First 8 bits are Network Blocks
- Next 24 bits are Host Blocks.
- It has 16,777,214 Hosts and 256 Networks.
Class B:
- Ranges from the 128 to 191(128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255).
- First 16 bits are Network Blocks.
- Next 16 bits are Hosts Blocks.
Class C:
- Ranges from the 192 to 223 (192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255).
- 254 Host Blocks.
- 2,097,152 Network Blocks.
- First 24 bits are Network Blocks.
- Next 8 bits are Host Blocks.
Class D:
- Ranges from the 224 to 239 (224.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255)
- Used for Multitasking.
- Contains only Network Blocks.
Class E:
- Ranges from the 224 to 239
- Used for testing.
IPV6:
- It is a 128 bit
- 64 bits are Network Blocks.
- 64 bits are Host Blocks.
- Represented in Hexa Decimal.
- It contains 8 Hexa Decimals.(8 Blocks)
- Each block contains 4 Hexa Decimal Digits.
- Example : "FDEC : BA98 : EF45: 3210 : ADBF : BBFF : FFFF : AAAA".
Types of IPs:
Private IP:
- Private IP is the IP used with in the LAN or within the organisation.
- Used for communication of computers in the particular network for no cost.
- There are Reserved Private IPs.
| Class | Network Range |
|---|---|
| Class A | 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 |
| Class B | 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 |
| Class C | 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 |
Public IP:
- Public IP are used on the networks outside particular area.
- For world wide communication we use this IP.
Primary vs Secondary:
| Primary | Secondary |
|---|---|
| Not Recognized on Internet | Given by the service provider. |
| Unique with in the network or organisation | Globally Unique |
| Free of Cost | Need to Pay |
| Unregistered | Registered |