- Optical Fiber is a cable used for the communication or data transfer.
- Optical Fiber used cylindrical glass or plastic made the tube.
- It is thin and stronger than copper wire.
- It is combination of group of optical fibers.
Optical Fiber Constructions:
- Basically a optic fiber is a thin cable in the size of human eye.
- It contains following layers.
Core:
- It is base of the optical fiber.
- Made of thin glass or plastic.
- Light or Signals Travel through this fiber.
- It is very thinner, which cannot be seen through naked eye.
Cladding:
- This the coating above the core.
- Helps signals to inbound in core optics.
Buffer:
- It is top layer of the optics.
- It is coated with different colors.
- The thin color cables in optical fiber are buffer.
Optical Fiber Working:
- Basically a light ray is traveled in the optical fiber.
- It works on the principle of total internal reflection.
- Where light ray reflects the walls of the cable and moves on.
- Working with data transmission:
- When ever transmitter adds data signals to the light rays and sends through optic fiber.
- Receiver separates the data signals.
Fiber Types According to Functionality:
Multi-Mode:
- This is the fiber cable where multiple waves can be transmitted through it.
- It has more radius.
- Signals cannot travel longer distance.
- Useful for the short distance communication.
- Represented by black mark on the cable.
Single-Mode:
- Only a single wave can be transmitted at once.
- It his thinner than hair.
- As the radius is thinner, the wave internal reflection is shorter, it can travel long distance.
- Useful for longer distance.
Fiber optics by the area:
Indoor :
- Fiber Optics used for indoor are the Breakout, Distribution and Tight Buffer.
- These contains a set of optical fiber of each color.
- These are not flexible.
- These can be identified by the colors.
- Multi Mode (Orange,Blue)
- Single Mode (Yellow)
Outdoor:
- Fiber Optics used for outdoor are the Ribbon, Armored Loose Tube and Loose Buffer.
- These are used for hanging, burring under earth and laying underwater in rivers or seas.
- These are water proof,contains 8 extra coating.
- Each color as set of cable in a rubber tube and all set of color's tube are covered by gel.
- As gel makes the cable flexible, there are less chance of breaking.
- These are black in color. Multi Mode and Single Mode are identified by the coding on cable.
